artist statement
This body of work documents a pivotal moment in Nepal's contemporary history—the protests that erupted in Kathmandu on September 8-9, 2025—not as a detached observer, but as a witness to generational fracture made visible. Through three sequential acts, I trace the anatomy of civic rupture: the gathering storm of collective anger, the physical confrontation between state apparatus and citizen body, and the quiet aftermath where resolution remains suspended.
The title speaks to the central paradox I observed through my lens: young hands, digitally fluent and globally conscious, straining against institutional chains forged in different eras. These are not my grandparents' protests. The demonstrators I photographed carry smartphones alongside placards, their tactics informed by transnational movements yet rooted in distinctly Nepali grievances about governance, corruption, and the gap between democratic promise and lived reality.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester attempts to disable surveillance cameras with a brick at the Parliament in Baneshwor.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/3bceff0b-409e-49d4-b40b-04238f979483/pietas.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester attempts to disable surveillance cameras with a brick at the Parliament in Baneshwor.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester attempts to destroy surveillance cameras in front of the Parliament.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/6ba59609-7084-4e15-b404-765202a7a8e3/banksy.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester attempts to destroy surveillance cameras in front of the Parliament.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester confronts police officers near the Parliament.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/fe951639-8d26-4dfd-ba87-18be95087581/tienanmen+in+nepal.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester confronts police officers near the Parliament.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Protesters hurl stones at police stationed in front of the Parliament gatesRetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/9e8a4619-aa17-4802-a595-f192df3deb54/rocks.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Protesters hurl stones at police stationed in front of the Parliament gatesRetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police charge toward a protester](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/d9267fc2-fd05-4ee4-a7d0-1e1979fbc230/police+beating.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police charge toward a protester
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester hurls a stone.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/a1484f8a-67cd-4df3-a12e-a3da558b6e82/throwing+stone.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester hurls a stone.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester carries a message board, foreshadowing the confrontations to come.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/aab843a5-41dd-4d51-811b-795336edb2ae/prelude.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester carries a message board, foreshadowing the confrontations to come.
![[Act I: Assembly]. View of the protest from behind police lines.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/83b1dbaa-e9f5-4049-8a92-a84d1c86cadf/police+and+fire.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. View of the protest from behind police lines.
![[Act I: Assembly]. View of the protest from behind police lines.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/a3e37b05-c3e7-4d74-a90f-b8c6cd246863/POV.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. View of the protest from behind police lines.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police clear rocks from the road as projectiles continue to rain down.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/ccf4a6be-c2d7-4703-aae6-04c4ff649f6b/clearing.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police clear rocks from the road as projectiles continue to rain down.
![[Act I: Assembly]. The Nepali flag stands tall amid the collisions.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/061e8ab5-7568-4130-81d5-708abee8be92/liberte.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. The Nepali flag stands tall amid the collisions.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester displays a banner before the police line.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/1baf1704-f361-4619-87f8-d341d74e1e48/enough.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester displays a banner before the police line.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer commands a protester to yield through a loudspeaker.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/41cef4df-b6ac-4377-b3c7-33581eb3eae4/altoparlante.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer commands a protester to yield through a loudspeaker.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police retreat under a barrage of stones.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/581cfdad-3a21-48aa-8127-41a5cb07f109/intifada.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police retreat under a barrage of stones.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester intervenes as tensions flare between angry demonstrators and police.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/435ea9cb-5bc9-4100-92f2-1baf07ee9492/fight.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester intervenes as tensions flare between angry demonstrators and police.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police fall back in disordered retreat.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/adfdded6-8f40-4a7b-9b6b-cab376f380cb/retreat.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police fall back in disordered retreat.
![[Act I: Assembly]. The front line of police officers holds position](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/e1e80838-9b2e-4344-99c0-9517e77cae98/behind+the+first+line.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. The front line of police officers holds position
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police shields form a barrier at Baneshwor.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/f6115810-d11c-45d6-a800-e7090ab6588d/shields.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police shields form a barrier at Baneshwor.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Oceanic crowds fill Baneshwor.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/71b9f727-7b5f-4700-af75-9fa7cac15816/people.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Oceanic crowds fill Baneshwor.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer guards the Parliament's already breached perimeter.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/dfa3bb05-e28b-4cfb-91f2-26cc923e2c7e/presidiando.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer guards the Parliament's already breached perimeter.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer signals the charge as officers on the right fire toward protesters.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/eea840ee-19d3-4879-bd8d-e371e8b2fa64/shooting+on+the+people.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer signals the charge as officers on the right fire toward protesters.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer whistles while advancing, rifle in hand.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/ae282384-af2d-4fea-bcb1-6b6da4e9f14d/rifle+and+whistling.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A police officer whistles while advancing, rifle in hand.
![[Act I: Assembly]. The photographer teargassed.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/7f94acc1-4bcb-486e-bd62-ad599c296337/me.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. The photographer teargassed.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A rubber bullet is fired and retrieved by a protester.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/0ec88c69-260f-45f3-9099-e595ec087c55/rubber+bullet.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A rubber bullet is fired and retrieved by a protester.
![[Act I: Assembly]. The crowd chants in the shadow of Parliament.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/5a82b26b-a192-4002-b839-62831ce7cf4a/pathos.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. The crowd chants in the shadow of Parliament.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police stand outnumbered by the surging crowd.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/5e9f8e17-5468-4393-951d-ed78c886d9ae/ocean+of+people.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police stand outnumbered by the surging crowd.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Protesters shout at the Parliament gates.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/ead2d2f8-294a-450c-883c-f4f3b1262488/screaming.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Protesters shout at the Parliament gates.
![[Act I: Assembly]. A protester observes police movements inside the Parliament compound.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/5d523dad-bc0f-45bc-9145-76c26bed29fd/behind+the+bars.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. A protester observes police movements inside the Parliament compound.
![[Act I: Assembly]. Police officers betray conflicting emotions as they witness the unfolding chaos.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/41c3729f-4ba0-4c36-b133-d55516ddff75/soldiers.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. Police officers betray conflicting emotions as they witness the unfolding chaos.
![[Act I: Assembly]. An ambulance carries away the injured; later reports reveal the deceased were moved inside Parliament](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/bb84d825-1e53-4998-8610-665c6081b799/ambulance.jpg)
[Act I: Assembly]. An ambulance carries away the injured; later reports reveal the deceased were moved inside Parliament

![[Act II: Collision]. A mural sets the stage for the revolt, ignited by news of students killed and sparking attacks on ministers' homes, institutional palaces, police stations, and assets linked to the corrupt political class.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/9ca97880-09c7-4c51-85d1-f3a3d8479c2d/blood+for+blood.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A mural sets the stage for the revolt, ignited by news of students killed and sparking attacks on ministers' homes, institutional palaces, police stations, and assets linked to the corrupt political class.
![[Act II: Collision]. Crowds assemble in front of a police station at Bishal Bazaar, next to the Revolution Cafe.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/35f2bc0b-4e09-4ff9-a165-956f3898ce69/cafe+revolution.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Crowds assemble in front of a police station at Bishal Bazaar, next to the Revolution Cafe.
![[Act II: Collision]. Fire burns in a deserted central street of Kathmandu.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/91036e8e-6a15-43d6-8348-25a1814acd23/fire+on+main+street.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Fire burns in a deserted central street of Kathmandu.
![[Act II: Collision]. A protester is watched by a police officer near Durbar Square.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/0832e156-f6b6-4f41-8799-222771548c09/police+observes.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A protester is watched by a police officer near Durbar Square.
![[Act II: Collision]. A protester appears animated by the spirit of a Nepali leader's statue.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/8ab88435-d432-4b72-b2c4-d7f408eba03c/leader+and+protesters.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A protester appears animated by the spirit of a Nepali leader's statue.
![[Act II: Collision]. Protesters vandalize and storm the RBB Bank.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/ff699ea9-8a26-4e38-9114-a7e23c1acabc/throwing+stones.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Protesters vandalize and storm the RBB Bank.
![[Act II: Collision]. A protester is watched by a police officer near Durbar Square.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/7d323a16-9c47-48dd-b31d-5d23b5987a0d/protester.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A protester is watched by a police officer near Durbar Square.

![[Act II: Collision]. Portrait of a protester.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/5aed4730-c1f8-43c8-92a3-c9162515146c/protester+3.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Portrait of a protester.
![[Act II: Collision]. A protester celebrates on a scooter following the election of the new prime minister.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/0e86b217-4616-4da1-8b33-cc388ffe362b/victory.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A protester celebrates on a scooter following the election of the new prime minister.
![[Act II: Collision]. Army forces enter Durbar Square.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/8e711429-3e6a-4a71-9d71-5f8f2aff14fc/entrata+dell%27esercito+a+durbar.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Army forces enter Durbar Square.
![[Act II: Collision]. Army units march through Durbar Square.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/62d6a929-0ac0-490b-8fc4-ff7dd98a1b94/army+in+durbar.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Army units march through Durbar Square.
![[Act II: Collision]. Police take position in Durbar Square as a young man stands with his hand in his hair.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/75a72cef-9522-4749-87a6-1abda2dcb371/police+in+durbar.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Police take position in Durbar Square as a young man stands with his hand in his hair.
![[Act II: Collision]. Fires illuminate Kathmandu's streets.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/90dd240d-ac7d-4342-a2e1-de60d4ae153c/bonfires.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Fires illuminate Kathmandu's streets.
![[Act II: Collision]. Electric wires catch fire as flames spread to cars and light poles.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/dfa83647-7204-4b64-ba14-22035bb6e211/electricity+going+bust.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Electric wires catch fire as flames spread to cars and light poles.
![[Act II: Collision]. Protesters ignite fires across the streets.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/b298d3a6-cbc4-4f56-89ee-bdf33155d5d7/fires.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Protesters ignite fires across the streets.
![[Act II: Collision]. A protester raises the Nepali flag against a backdrop of fires](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/61548cec-351c-43b6-81a5-24a5ce3cb990/symbol.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A protester raises the Nepali flag against a backdrop of fires
![[Act II: Collision]. An Ncell telecommunications tower is set ablaze.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/b62607aa-35fd-4114-b2af-40debe892076/ncell+burning.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. An Ncell telecommunications tower is set ablaze.
![[Act II: Collision]. Smoke from multiple fires shrouds the city.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/77056dd9-c642-476e-92a2-700f47b2483e/kathmandu+smoke.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Smoke from multiple fires shrouds the city.
![[Act II: Collision]. Residents watch fires from their rooftops.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/6be85103-ad93-44b5-b370-972cc5b79269/watchers.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Residents watch fires from their rooftops.
![[Act II: Collision]. Traffic navigates through smoke-filled streets.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/b0c238d9-e0dc-4a96-84a3-227e925f3138/traffic+in+smoke.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Traffic navigates through smoke-filled streets.
![[Act II: Collision]. Swayambhunath emerges through clouds of smoke.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/3c2d0bb6-d68e-4656-bdfd-e8844f07fe6f/swambuyanath.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. Swayambhunath emerges through clouds of smoke.

![[Act III: Aftermath]. A burnt car remains after the protests.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/ea41524c-7a7d-4bc1-b248-8bf729b73a15/macchina+bruciata.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. A burnt car remains after the protests.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. Graffiti reads "No Police".](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/cfdc7e3c-3f97-40e4-8235-e728243c898f/no+popo.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. Graffiti reads "No Police".
![[Act III: Aftermath]. A soldier orders a scooter to stop.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/e1968da6-020d-4d8d-bbdb-7f5aece2cac0/alt.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. A soldier orders a scooter to stop.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. A soldier requests documents at a checkpoint.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/118f9167-9683-45b3-8ae5-dbba325650e3/documents+please.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. A soldier requests documents at a checkpoint.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. Electrical cables are rewired the day after.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/40b3f286-6cc8-43c4-b310-e88ba0ff6c52/reconstruction.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. Electrical cables are rewired the day after.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. Ruins of the attacked RBB Bank.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/d0b92f57-4cab-485e-8272-6a124a72a73a/ruines.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. Ruins of the attacked RBB Bank.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. The Satdobatp police station that was set ablaze.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/28082c0c-d10c-44cb-9c6a-31c3294b11ca/sticks.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. The Satdobatp police station that was set ablaze.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. The Communist Party office set ablaze, its own flag used to drape the damage.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/f26fc32d-0b3a-4d5d-a9bc-de1ac16fc653/communist.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. The Communist Party office set ablaze, its own flag used to drape the damage.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. What remains of Parliament.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/545c1a04-db92-4d5a-9300-ddd01951681e/parliament.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. What remains of Parliament.
![[Act II: Collision]. A person hands water to protesters at the Casino.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/72ad170d-8bd7-4b61-9905-3fce937ea297/water.jpg)
[Act II: Collision]. A person hands water to protesters at the Casino.

UNGUARDED SURVEILLANCE: Two officers share a phone moment, unaware of being watched through a peephole. The voyeuristic perspective captures the surveillance dynamic reversed—the watchers becoming the unwittingly watched.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. A police officer peers through a gate opening in a derelict police station, having noticed the photographer—observer and observed locked in mutual recognition.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/486aec98-0a02-4f1a-ad67-f1b6727c83cb/peephole+master.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. A police officer peers through a gate opening in a derelict police station, having noticed the photographer—observer and observed locked in mutual recognition.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. A female officer smiles while texting in her smoke-blackened, doorless station—private life persisting within the damaged symbol of authority.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/b5391125-9726-4bb1-b651-62c2d03ffe5a/poliziotta.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. A female officer smiles while texting in her smoke-blackened, doorless station—private life persisting within the damaged symbol of authority.
![[Act III: Aftermath]. Army patrols a deserted city.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/6630c6332b41707e90a25228/0ea53080-de0c-4bda-8f24-e26bfeaf0bb2/soldiers+on+the+street.jpg)
[Act III: Aftermath]. Army patrols a deserted city.
conceptual framework
My approach rejects photojournalism's claim to objectivity. Instead, I position myself as embedded—a photographer whose own generation stands at this crossroads. The work interrogates what it means to document your peers demanding change in a nation still negotiating its post-monarchy identity, where democratic institutions barely span a generation but already show the calcification of entrenched power.
Act I: Assembly captures the pre-confrontation energy—faces illuminated by conviction, bodies forming collective geometry, the transformation of urban space into contested ground. Here, I focus on gesture and anticipation: hands raised not yet in defense but in declaration.
Act II: Collision documents the moment when protest becomes clash—the physicality of resistance meeting force, tear gas diffusing light into ethereal violence, bodies in motion between advance and retreat. These images deliberately blur the line between documentation and abstraction, suggesting how violence fragments both vision and certainty.
Act III: Aftermath sits in the uncomfortable quiet that follows: debris, emptied streets, residual graffiti as evidence. But also faces marked by exhaustion and uncertain victory, the question of what comes next hanging in dusty air. This section refuses clean resolution, mirroring the ongoing nature of civic struggle.